Internal velocity - Revision history

Sir Corvid: i found out there's a superscript 2 unicode character cool stuff

2025-11-15T05:51:55Z

i found out there's a superscript 2 unicode character cool stuff

Sir Corvid: introduced max base speed + miscellaneous edits

2025-11-05T10:32:21Z

introduced max base speed + miscellaneous edits

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:32, 5 November 2025
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	== Overview ==		== Overview ==
	IV is represented as a vector, with a direction and magnitude. The direction of the IV vector is the same (or very close) as the vehicle's facing direction in most circumstances. On outside-drift vehicles, the IV vector can deviate by up to ~45° from the facing direction during a drift.		IV is represented as a vector, with a direction and magnitude. The direction of the IV vector is the same (or very close) as the vehicle's facing direction in most circumstances. On outside-drift vehicles, the IV vector can deviate by up to ~45° from the facing direction during a drift, and even more during [[superhopping]].

	The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.		The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too. '''Maximum base speed''' refers to the max speed value without any modifiers.

	IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. ~~[[Trick \|Tricking]] and~~ [[Drift \|~~drifting~~]] ~~require~~ IV to be over ~~50% and~~ 55% of ~~maximum~~ speed~~, respectively~~. If IV is below 30% of ~~maximum~~ speed, [[Wheelie \| wheelies]] can be started but are canceled automatically. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in ~~absolute value~~.		IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Drift \| Drifting]] requires IV to be over 55% of max base speed. If IV is below 30% of max base speed, [[Wheelie \| wheelies]] can be started but are canceled automatically. [[Trick \| Tricking]] requires the magnitude of IV to be over 50% of max base speed instead, making it possible to trick at high negative IV. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in magnitude.

	== Changes to internal velocity ==		== Changes to internal velocity ==

	=== Increase ===		=== Increase ===
	Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of the percentage of IV relative to max speed.		Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of the percentage of IV relative to current max speed, thus being in a wheelie or on offroad affects the vehicle's acceleration.

	While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.		While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.

	While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for [[trick]] boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo \|miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).		While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for [[trick]] boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo \| miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).

	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===
	If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.~~<br>~~		If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.
	Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2 starting on the 2nd brake frame.
			Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2 starting on the 2nd brake frame. Braking for 1 frame only reduces IV very slightly, with the slowdown being stronger if the vehicle's last-stage acceleration is low and on steeper slopes (both up and down); this is useful to manipulate [[QM]].

	If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.		If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.
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	During a [[stand-still miniturbo]], IV decays exponentially at a rate of 20% per frame.		During a [[stand-still miniturbo]], IV decays exponentially at a rate of 20% per frame.

	On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \|handling]], top speed, and handling reactivity stats. This slowdown stacks with deceleration from releasing A+B or braking, so holding hard left/right while decelerating ~~usually~~ loses speed faster. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \|Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and changes for each character + bike combo.		On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \| handling]], top speed, and handling reactivity stats. This slowdown stacks with deceleration from releasing A+B or braking, so holding hard left/right while decelerating loses speed faster. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \| Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and changes for each character + bike combo.

	The waterfalls on [[DS Yoshi Falls]], and at the last turn of [[Koopa Cape]], are [[moving road]] which slows down the vehicle, by disabling boost acceleration and decreasing IV by 0.5% and 3.5% per frame respectively. Both effects are ~~disabled~~ if the vehicle has offroad immunity. Since the waterfalls are not offroad, they do not affect maximum speed.		The waterfalls on [[DS Yoshi Falls]], and at the last turn of [[Koopa Cape]], are [[moving road]] which slows down the vehicle, by disabling boost acceleration and decreasing IV by 0.5% and 3.5% per frame respectively. Both effects are prevented if the vehicle has offroad immunity. Since the waterfalls are not offroad, they do not affect maximum speed.

	At sufficiently high IV, the cones on [[Daisy Circuit]] are knocked away and decrease IV by 18% upon collision. At low IV, the cones are simply pushed around and do not affect IV.		At sufficiently high IV, the cones on [[Daisy Circuit]] are knocked away and decrease IV by 18% upon collision. At low IV, the cones are simply pushed around and do not affect IV.
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	=== Other ===		=== Other ===

	[[Wallclip \|Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.		[[Wallclip \| Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.

	EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.		EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.
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	== Maximum speed ==		== Maximum speed ==
	Maximum speed acts as the limit of IV; if the vehicle's IV were to increase over max speed, it is set equal to the max speed instead. The value of maximum speed is affected by the [[Statistics#Speed \|top speed]] stat, ranging from 75.00 to 86.13 u/f.<br>		Maximum speed acts as the limit of IV; if the vehicle's IV were to increase over max speed, it is set equal to the max speed instead. The value of maximum speed is affected by the [[Statistics#Speed \| top speed]] stat, ranging from 75.00 to 86.13 u/f.<br>
	Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.		Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.

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	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===

	When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/f^2, bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their max speed.		When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/f^2, bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their max speed. This is known as '''deceleration stacking'''.

	Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f^2, until reaching max offroad speed. This value depends on the offroad type, and is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.		Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f^2, until reaching max offroad speed. This value depends on the offroad type, and is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.
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	After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.		After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.

	Another less common application is [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \|rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f^2, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.		Another less common application is [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \| rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f^2, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.

Ellucinea at 03:53, 5 November 2025

2025-11-05T03:53:51Z

Sir Corvid at 17:09, 2 November 2025

2025-11-02T17:09:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:09, 2 November 2025
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	The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.		The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.

	IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Trick \| ~~tricking~~]] and [[Drift \| ~~Drifting~~]] require IV to be over 50% and 55% of maximum speed, respectively. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in absolute value.		IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Trick \| Tricking]] and [[Drift \| drifting]] require IV to be over 50% and 55% of maximum speed, respectively. If IV is below 30% of maximum speed, [[Wheelie \| wheelies]] can be started but are canceled automatically. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in absolute value.

	== Changes to internal velocity ==		== Changes to internal velocity ==

	=== Increase ===		=== Increase ===
	Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of ~~proportion~~ of IV to max speed~~, and whether the vehicle is in a drift, wheelie, or neither~~.		Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of the percentage of IV relative to max speed.

	While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.		While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.
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	Boosts increase maximum speed while they are active, as well as provide acceleration to IV. Miniturbos increase maximum speed by 20%, tricks by 30%, and mushrooms by 40% with a minimum of 115 u/f. If two boosts are active at once, the biggest one determines max speed, except trick boosts which have priority over mushrooms.		Boosts increase maximum speed while they are active, as well as provide acceleration to IV. Miniturbos increase maximum speed by 20%, tricks by 30%, and mushrooms by 40% with a minimum of 115 u/f. If two boosts are active at once, the biggest one determines max speed, except trick boosts which have priority over mushrooms.

	Wheelies increase maximum speed by 15%, ~~without providing any~~ boost to IV. The wheelie bonus stacks additively with other boosts, i.e. a wheelie + miniturbo increases max speed by 35%.		Wheelies increase maximum speed by 15%, and do not boost IV. The wheelie bonus stacks additively with other boosts, i.e. a wheelie + miniturbo increases max speed by 35%.

	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===

Sir Corvid at 21:27, 28 October 2025

2025-10-28T21:27:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:27, 28 October 2025
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	The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.		The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.

			IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Trick \| tricking]] and [[Drift \| Drifting]] require IV to be over 50% and 55% of maximum speed, respectively. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in absolute value.

	== Changes to internal velocity ==		== Changes to internal velocity ==
	Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of proportion of IV to max speed, and whether the vehicle is in a drift, wheelie, or neither. Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2. If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.<br>
	~~While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f. Holding A, and neither A or B, have the same effect as driving forwards.~~

	On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \| handling]], and handling reactivity stats. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \| Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and ~~depends~~ for each character + bike combo.		=== Increase ===
			Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of proportion of IV to max speed, and whether the vehicle is in a drift, wheelie, or neither.

			While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.

			While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for [[trick]] boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo \| miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).

			=== Decrease ===
			If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.<br>
			Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2. Therefore, above 75 u/f it is faster to decelerate by releasing A than by braking.

			If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.

			During a [[stand-still miniturbo]], IV decays exponentially at a rate of 20% per frame.

			On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \| handling]], top speed, and handling reactivity stats. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \| Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and changes for each character + bike combo.

	~~If a~~ vehicle ~~has been airborne for over 5 frames~~, ~~its~~ IV ~~begins decreasing exponentially at a rate of~~ 0.1% per frame, ~~until it touches the ground again~~.		The waterfalls on [[DS Yoshi Falls]], and at the last turn of [[Koopa Cape]], are [[moving road]] which slows down the vehicle, by disabling boost acceleration and decreasing IV by 0.5% and 3.5% per frame respectively. Both effects are disabled if the vehicle has offroad immunity. Since the waterfalls are not offroad, they do not affect maximum speed.

	~~While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to~~ IV, ~~so that~~ the ~~vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends~~ on ~~the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for trick boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for~~ [[~~Miniturbo \| miniturbos~~]], ~~0.7 u/f^2 for drafts.<br>~~		At sufficiently high IV, the cones on [[Daisy Circuit]] are knocked away and decrease IV by 18% upon collision. At low IV, the cones are simply pushed around and do not affect IV.
	~~If multiple boost accelerations~~ are ~~active, they~~ do not ~~stack. Usually the biggest acceleration takes priority, but tricks have priority over mushrooms~~.
			=== Other ===

	[[Wallclip \| Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.		[[Wallclip \| Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.
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	Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.		Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.

	~~Wheelies and boosts~~ increase maximum speed, ~~and~~ provide ~~a constant~~ acceleration to IV ~~such that it can reach max speed, while they are active~~. ~~Wheelies~~ increase ~~max~~ speed ~~by 15%, miniturbos~~ by 20%, tricks by 30%, and mushrooms by 40% (with a minimum of 115 u/f).~~<br>~~		=== Increase ===
	The wheelie bonus stacks additively with other boosts, i.e. a wheelie + miniturbo increases max speed by 35%. ~~If two boosts are active~~ at ~~once~~, the ~~biggest one takes priority~~, ~~except trick boosts which have priority over mushrooms~~.
			Boosts increase maximum speed while they are active, as well as provide acceleration to IV. Miniturbos increase maximum speed by 20%, tricks by 30%, and mushrooms by 40% with a minimum of 115 u/f. If two boosts are active at once, the biggest one determines max speed, except trick boosts which have priority over mushrooms.

			Wheelies increase maximum speed by 15%, without providing any boost to IV. The wheelie bonus stacks additively with other boosts, i.e. a wheelie + miniturbo increases max speed by 35%.

			=== Decrease ===

			When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/f^2, bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their max speed.

	~~When a boost or wheelie ends~~, maximum speed ~~does not immediately jump to a lower value; it~~ decreases ~~at a constant rate of~~ 3 u/f^2, ~~bringing IV down with it~~, ~~until it reaches~~ the ~~regular top~~ speed ~~value~~. ~~Deceleration from multiple sources does not~~ stack~~; for instance, bikes can drop the~~ wheelie ~~while decelerating from a~~ boost~~, without any penalty to their speed~~.		Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f^2, until reaching max offroad speed. This value depends on the offroad type, and is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.

	~~Touching offroad works similarly;~~ as ~~long as at least one hitbox is colliding with~~ offroad~~, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f^2, until reaching~~ max ~~offroad~~ speed~~, which is a function~~ of the ~~speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats~~. This ~~means that clipping~~ offroad ~~for N frames~~ only ~~reduces~~ max speed ~~by 3N, and not to the minimum value. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration~~.		When driving on [[out of bounds]] collision, it counts as offroad and reduces max speed to 10% of the regular value. This is not affected by the offroad stat, so only the speed stat affects max speed on out of bounds.

	[[Slow ramp \| Slow ramps]] also decrease maximum speed (and thus IV) by a constant 3 u/f^2 until reaching the speed lock ~~value~~.		[[Slow ramp \| Slow ramps]] also decrease maximum speed (and thus IV) by a constant 3 u/f^2 until reaching the speed lock.

	If the angle between the vehicle's velocity and the wall's normal is greater than 90° (i.e. the wall is facing towards the vehicle), maximum speed abruptly decreases by a large amount, so that the vehicle quickly slows down. Depending on the angle of collision, maximum speed can decrease from ~35% of the previous value up to just above 0 u/f. Max speed remains lowered as long as the vehicle is colliding with the wall, then returns to its previous value.		If the angle between the vehicle's velocity and the wall's normal is greater than 90° (i.e. the wall is facing towards the vehicle), maximum speed abruptly decreases by a large amount, so that the vehicle quickly slows down. Depending on the angle of collision, maximum speed can decrease from ~35% of the previous value up to just above 0 u/f. Max speed remains lowered as long as the vehicle is colliding with the wall, then returns to its previous value.

Sir Corvid: Created page with "'''Internal velocity''', also known as '''IV''', '''vehicle speed''', or '''engine speed''', is one of four main types of velocity in ''Mario Kart Wii''. It refers to the speed coming from the vehicle's engine, while external velocity comes from other forces acting on the vehicle. == Overview == IV is represented as a vector, with a direction and magnitude. The direction of the IV vector is the same (or very close) as the vehicle's facing direction in most c..."

2025-10-27T12:56:45Z

Created page with "'''Internal velocity''', also known as '''IV''', '''vehicle speed''', or '''engine speed''', is one of four main types of velocity in ''Mario Kart Wii''. It refers to the speed coming from the vehicle's engine, while external velocity comes from other forces acting on the vehicle. == Overview == IV is represented as a vector, with a direction and magnitude. The direction of the IV vector is the same (or very close) as the vehicle's facing direction in most c..."

New page

'''Internal velocity''', also known as '''IV''', '''vehicle speed''', or '''engine speed''', is one of four main types of [[velocity]] in ''[[Mario Kart Wii]]''. It refers to the speed coming from the vehicle's engine, while [[external velocity]] comes from other forces acting on the vehicle.

== Overview ==
IV is represented as a vector, with a direction and magnitude. The direction of the IV vector is the same (or very close) as the vehicle's facing direction in most circumstances. On outside-drift vehicles, the IV vector can deviate by up to ~45° from the facing direction during a drift.

The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.

== Changes to internal velocity ==
Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration | acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of proportion of IV to max speed, and whether the vehicle is in a drift, wheelie, or neither. Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2. If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame. 
While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f. Holding A, and neither A or B, have the same effect as driving forwards.

On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling | handling]], and handling reactivity stats. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning | Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and depends for each character + bike combo.

If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decreasing exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.

While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for trick boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo | miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. 
If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack. Usually the biggest acceleration takes priority, but tricks have priority over mushrooms.

[[Wallclip | Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.

EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.

During the countdown, IV is set to 0 u/f. Movement is still possible due to EV.

== Maximum speed ==
Maximum speed acts as the limit of IV; if the vehicle's IV were to increase over max speed, it is set equal to the max speed instead. The value of maximum speed is affected by the [[Statistics#Speed | top speed]] stat, ranging from 75.00 to 86.13 u/f. 
Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.

Wheelies and boosts increase maximum speed, and provide a constant acceleration to IV such that it can reach max speed, while they are active. Wheelies increase max speed by 15%, miniturbos by 20%, tricks by 30%, and mushrooms by 40% (with a minimum of 115 u/f). 
The wheelie bonus stacks additively with other boosts, i.e. a wheelie + miniturbo increases max speed by 35%. If two boosts are active at once, the biggest one takes priority, except trick boosts which have priority over mushrooms.

When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/f^2, bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their speed.

Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f^2, until reaching max offroad speed, which is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad | offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N, and not to the minimum value. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.

[[Slow ramp | Slow ramps]] also decrease maximum speed (and thus IV) by a constant 3 u/f^2 until reaching the speed lock value.

If the angle between the vehicle's velocity and the wall's normal is greater than 90° (i.e. the wall is facing towards the vehicle), maximum speed abruptly decreases by a large amount, so that the vehicle quickly slows down. Depending on the angle of collision, maximum speed can decrease from ~35% of the previous value up to just above 0 u/f. Max speed remains lowered as long as the vehicle is colliding with the wall, then returns to its previous value.

=== Discrepancy between IV and maximum speed ===
Summing up, when max speed increases, it jumps to a higher value. When max speed decreases, it is gradually lowered by 3 u/f^2, and the vehicle is expected to slow down due to IV being capped. However, if IV is much lower than max speed, then max speed can decrease, and the vehicle doesn't slow down until the two values are equal.

The most common application of this quirk involves clipping offroad without speed loss. For example: the Spear drifts at 85.60 u/f; its max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f with a miniturbo + wheelie, and IV begins increasing by 3 u/f^2. On the following frame, the Spear touches offroad; max speed begins decreasing by 3 u/f^2, but IV is unaffected. 
After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.

Another less common application are [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies | rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f^2, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:51, 15 November 2025
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	Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of the percentage of IV relative to current max speed, thus being in a wheelie or on offroad affects the vehicle's acceleration.		Holding A increases IV according to the vehicle's [[Statistic#Acceleration \| acceleration stat]]. Acceleration is a function of the percentage of IV relative to current max speed, thus being in a wheelie or on offroad affects the vehicle's acceleration.

	While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/~~f^2~~, up to -20 u/f.		While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f², up to -20 u/f.

	While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/~~f^2~~ for ~~mushrooms~~, 6 u/~~f^2~~ for [[trick]] boosts~~, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels~~, 3 u/f^2 for [[~~Miniturbo \| miniturbos~~]], 0.7 u/~~f^2~~ for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).		While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f² for mushroom-type boosts, 6 u/f² for [[trick]]-type boosts, 3 u/f^2 for [[miniturbo]]-type boosts, and 0.7 u/f² for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).

	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===
	If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.		If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.

	Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/~~f^2~~ starting on the 2nd brake frame. Braking for 1 frame only reduces IV very slightly, with the slowdown being stronger if the vehicle's last-stage acceleration is low and on steeper slopes (both up and down); this is useful to manipulate [[QM]].		Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f² starting on the 2nd brake frame. Braking for 1 frame only reduces IV very slightly, with the slowdown being stronger if the vehicle's last-stage acceleration is low and on steeper slopes (both up and down); this is useful to manipulate [[QM]].

	If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.		If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.
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	EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.		EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.

	During the countdown, IV is set to 0 u/f. Movement is still possible due to EV.		During the [[countdown]], IV is set to 0 u/f. Movement is still possible due to EV.

	== Maximum speed ==		== Maximum speed ==
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	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===

	When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/~~f^2~~, bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their max speed. This is known as '''deceleration stacking'''.		When a boost or wheelie ends, maximum speed does not immediately jump to a lower value; it decreases at a constant rate of 3 u/f², bringing IV down with it, until it reaches the regular top speed value. Deceleration from multiple sources does not stack; for instance, bikes can drop the wheelie while decelerating from a boost, without any penalty to their max speed. This is known as '''deceleration stacking'''.

	Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/~~f^2~~, until reaching max offroad speed. This value depends on the offroad type, and is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.		Touching offroad works similarly; as long as at least one hitbox is colliding with offroad, maximum speed decreases by 3 u/f², until reaching max offroad speed. This value depends on the offroad type, and is a function of the speed and [[Statistics#Offroad \| offroad]] stats. This means that clipping offroad for N frames only reduces max speed by 3N. Offroad deceleration also doesn't stack with wheelie and boost deceleration.

	When driving on [[out of bounds]] collision, it counts as offroad and reduces max speed to 10% of the regular value. This is not affected by the offroad stat, so only the speed stat affects max speed on out of bounds.		When driving on [[out of bounds]] collision, it counts as offroad and reduces max speed to 10% of the regular value. This is not affected by the offroad stat, so only the speed stat affects max speed on out of bounds.

	[[Slow ramp \| Slow ramps]] also decrease maximum speed (and thus IV) by a constant 3 u/~~f^2~~ until reaching the speed lock.		[[Slow ramp \| Slow ramps]] also decrease maximum speed (and thus IV) by a constant 3 u/f² until reaching the speed lock.

	If the angle between the vehicle's velocity and the wall's normal is greater than 90° (i.e. the wall is facing towards the vehicle), maximum speed abruptly decreases by a large amount, so that the vehicle quickly slows down. Depending on the angle of collision, maximum speed can decrease from ~35% of the previous value up to just above 0 u/f. Max speed remains lowered as long as the vehicle is colliding with the wall, then returns to its previous value.		If the angle between the vehicle's velocity and the wall's normal is greater than 90° (i.e. the wall is facing towards the vehicle), maximum speed abruptly decreases by a large amount, so that the vehicle quickly slows down. Depending on the angle of collision, maximum speed can decrease from ~35% of the previous value up to just above 0 u/f. Max speed remains lowered as long as the vehicle is colliding with the wall, then returns to its previous value.
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	Summing up, when max speed increases, it jumps to a higher value. When max speed decreases, it is gradually lowered by 3 u/f^2, and the vehicle is expected to slow down due to IV being capped. However, if IV is much lower than max speed, then max speed can decrease, and the vehicle doesn't slow down until the two values are equal.		Summing up, when max speed increases, it jumps to a higher value. When max speed decreases, it is gradually lowered by 3 u/f^2, and the vehicle is expected to slow down due to IV being capped. However, if IV is much lower than max speed, then max speed can decrease, and the vehicle doesn't slow down until the two values are equal.

	The most common application of this quirk involves clipping offroad without speed loss. For example: the Spear drifts at 85.60 u/f; its max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f with a miniturbo + wheelie, and IV begins increasing by 3 u/~~f^2~~. On the following frame, the Spear touches offroad; max speed begins decreasing by 3 u/~~f^2~~, but IV is unaffected.<br>		The most common application of this quirk involves clipping offroad without speed loss. For example: the Spear drifts at 85.60 u/f; its max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f with a miniturbo + wheelie, and IV begins increasing by 3 u/f². On the following frame, the Spear touches offroad; max speed begins decreasing by 3 u/f², but IV is unaffected.<br>
	After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.		After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.

	Another less common application is [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \| rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/~~f^2~~, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.		Another less common application is [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \| rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f², but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:53, 5 November 2025
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	The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.		The magnitude of the IV vector is limited by '''maximum speed'''. IV is the speed actually provided by the engine, and it cannot increase above the maximum speed value (or decrease below, if moving backwards). Max speed is capped at 120 u/f, and the sum of IV, EV, and moving road speed is capped at 120 u/f too.

	IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Trick \| Tricking]] and [[Drift \| drifting]] require IV to be over 50% and 55% of maximum speed, respectively. If IV is below 30% of maximum speed, [[Wheelie \| wheelies]] can be started but are canceled automatically. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in absolute value.		IV determines if the vehicle can perform certain actions. [[Trick \|Tricking]] and [[Drift \|drifting]] require IV to be over 50% and 55% of maximum speed, respectively. If IV is below 30% of maximum speed, [[Wheelie \| wheelies]] can be started but are canceled automatically. [[Stand-still miniturbo \| Stand-still miniturbos]] can only be sustained if IV is within ±10 u/f, and the [[barrel roll]] state ends if IV exceeds ±15 u/f. [[EV#Leaning \| Lean rotation]] values change depending if IV is above or below 5 u/f in absolute value.

	== Changes to internal velocity ==		== Changes to internal velocity ==
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	While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.		While driving backwards, reversing (holding B) increases negative IV by 2 u/f^2, up to -20 u/f.

	While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for [[trick]] boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo \| miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).		While a [[boost]] is active, a constant acceleration is applied to IV, so that the vehicle can reach its new maximum speed. The acceleration depends on the type of boost: 7 u/f^2 for mushrooms, 6 u/f^2 for [[trick]] boosts, 5 u/f^2 for boost panels, 3 u/f^2 for [[Miniturbo \|miniturbos]], 0.7 u/f^2 for drafts. If multiple boost accelerations are active, they do not stack and only the biggest is applied (except for tricks which have priority).

	=== Decrease ===		=== Decrease ===
	If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.<br>		If both A and B are released, IV decays exponentially at a rate of 2% per frame.<br>
	Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2~~. Therefore, above 75 u/f it is faster to decelerate by releasing A than by braking~~.		Braking decreases IV, applying a constant acceleration of -1.5 u/f^2 starting on the 2nd brake frame.

	If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.		If a vehicle has been airborne for over 5 frames, its IV begins decaying exponentially at a rate of 0.1% per frame, until it touches the ground again.
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	During a [[stand-still miniturbo]], IV decays exponentially at a rate of 20% per frame.		During a [[stand-still miniturbo]], IV decays exponentially at a rate of 20% per frame.

	On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \| handling]], top speed, and handling reactivity stats. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \| Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and changes for each character + bike combo.		On manual drift, turning without a boost decreases IV. The slowdown is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal stick input, but it is also a function of the acceleration, [[Statistic#Handling \|handling]], top speed, and handling reactivity stats. This slowdown stacks with deceleration from releasing A+B or braking, so holding hard left/right while decelerating usually loses speed faster. [[Wheelie#Optimal wheelie turning \|Optimal wheelie turning]] is the sequence of inputs which allows for the most turning in a wheelie without losing IV over time; it can be derived mathematically and changes for each character + bike combo.

	The waterfalls on [[DS Yoshi Falls]], and at the last turn of [[Koopa Cape]], are [[moving road]] which slows down the vehicle, by disabling boost acceleration and decreasing IV by 0.5% and 3.5% per frame respectively. Both effects are disabled if the vehicle has offroad immunity. Since the waterfalls are not offroad, they do not affect maximum speed.		The waterfalls on [[DS Yoshi Falls]], and at the last turn of [[Koopa Cape]], are [[moving road]] which slows down the vehicle, by disabling boost acceleration and decreasing IV by 0.5% and 3.5% per frame respectively. Both effects are disabled if the vehicle has offroad immunity. Since the waterfalls are not offroad, they do not affect maximum speed.
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	=== Other ===		=== Other ===

	[[Wallclip \| Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.		[[Wallclip \|Hitting a wall]] updates the IV direction to match the horizontal (XZ) facing direction. If the vehicle has been airborne for 5 frames or more, then IV matches the vertical facing direction too.

	EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.		EV can be converted to IV. EV is either (almost) perpendicular to the facing direction, or purely vertical while airborne in the case of gravity; if the facing angle changes such that EV is partially parallel to it, the projection of EV on the facing unit vector is converted to IV.
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	== Maximum speed ==		== Maximum speed ==
	Maximum speed acts as the limit of IV; if the vehicle's IV were to increase over max speed, it is set equal to the max speed instead. The value of maximum speed is affected by the [[Statistics#Speed \| top speed]] stat, ranging from 75.00 to 86.13 u/f.<br>		Maximum speed acts as the limit of IV; if the vehicle's IV were to increase over max speed, it is set equal to the max speed instead. The value of maximum speed is affected by the [[Statistics#Speed \|top speed]] stat, ranging from 75.00 to 86.13 u/f.<br>
	Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.		Maximum speed is a positive value, but it limits both positive and negative IV. If IV is negative, its absolute value can't increase above maximum speed.

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	After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.		After 4 frames, IV and max speed are at 100.60 and 103.56 u/f respectively, so the Spear has not slowed down yet. On the next frame, max speed would decrease to 100.56 u/f, and so would IV; but if the Spear stops touching offroad, then max speed jumps to 115.56 u/f again, and IV continues increasing. As a result, the Spear is able to drive over offroad for 4 frames without speed loss, because it is accelerating from the boost.

	Another less common application ~~are~~ [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \| rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f^2, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.		Another less common application is [[Automatic drift#Rewheelies \|rewheelies]] for automatic. Starting a wheelie after a drift increases max speed by 15%, while IV slowly matches it. Dropping the wheelie by holding ±6/±7 for 16 frames decreases max speed by 3 u/f^2, but IV is still much lower, so the bike is able to turn tighter for a few frames without losing speed. This can be looped to improve the bike's turning out of a drift without affecting its IV.